CVE-2025-61128Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Unauthenticated root code execution via unbounded Referer parsing

Published Oct 28, 2025 · Updated Oct 28, 2025

Stack-based buffer overflow in WAVLINK QUANTUM D3G and WL-WN530HG3 firmware M30HG3_V240730 allows remote attackers to execute root code. The sys_login function in login.cgi parses HTTP_REFERER with an unbounded sscanf format into three 64-byte stack buffers, overwriting saved registers and the return address. The parse occurs before password or session validation; exploitation can crash the CGI process or redirect root-level execution.

CVSS severity9.1
Critical
EPSS probability0.67%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Stack-based buffer overflow in WAVLINK QUANTUM D3G and WL-WN530HG3 firmware M30HG3_V240730 allows remote attackers to execute root code. The sys_login function in login.cgi parses HTTP_REFERER with an unbounded sscanf format into three 64-byte stack buffers, overwriting saved registers and the return address. The parse occurs before password or session validation; exploitation can crash the CGI process or redirect root-level execution.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-61128
Published
Oct 28, 2025
Updated
Oct 28, 2025
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-121, T1210
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Oct 28, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 28, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

9.1CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-121Stack-based Buffer Overflow
T1210Exploitation of Remote Services

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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