CVE-2025-60506Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Stored XSS via unencoded public comments

Published Oct 21, 2025 · Updated Oct 21, 2025

Stored XSS in Moodle PDF Annotator 1.5 release 9 allows remote authenticated users to execute JavaScript in other users' browsers. The save_comment action stores attacker-controlled content and inserts it into the PDF.js comment panel without output encoding. Student-level access can plant the payload, but another user must open the annotated PDF; execution occurs in that viewer's browser session.

CVSS severity5.4
Medium
EPSS probability0.20%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Stored XSS in Moodle PDF Annotator 1.5 release 9 allows remote authenticated users to execute JavaScript in other users' browsers. The save_comment action stores attacker-controlled content and inserts it into the PDF.js comment panel without output encoding. Student-level access can plant the payload, but another user must open the annotated PDF; execution occurs in that viewer's browser session.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-60506
Published
Oct 21, 2025
Updated
Oct 21, 2025
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-79
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Oct 21, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 21, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

8.9Onurcan GençCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L
5.4CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-79Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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