CVE-2025-59524Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Privileged session hijacking via unchecked HTML upload

Published Sep 24, 2025 · Updated Sep 24, 2025

Stored XSS in Horilla HRMS before 1.4.0 allows remote attackers to steal privileged session cookies through uploaded HTML files. The reimbursement upload flow enforces file-type validation only in browser code, so a crafted request stores executable HTML without a server-side check. Exploitation requires upload access and a privileged user to view the file; the resulting cookie can be reused to impersonate that user.

CVSS severity7.7
High
EPSS probability0.35%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Stored XSS in Horilla HRMS before 1.4.0 allows remote attackers to steal privileged session cookies through uploaded HTML files. The reimbursement upload flow enforces file-type validation only in browser code, so a crafted request stores executable HTML without a server-side check. Exploitation requires upload access and a privileged user to view the file; the resulting cookie can be reused to impersonate that user.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-59524
Published
Sep 24, 2025
Updated
Sep 24, 2025
Vendor
Cybrosys Technologies
Product
Horilla HRMS
Classifications
CWE-434, CWE-79, T1539
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 24, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 24, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 1.4.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Cybrosys Technologies · Horilla HRMSversion=< 1.4.0

Published CVSS scores

6.1NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
7.7GitHubCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-434Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type
CWE-79Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
T1539Steal Web Session Cookie

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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