CVE-2025-59421Network attack vector

Inbox flooding via unthrottled duplicate invitations

Published Sep 18, 2025 · Updated Sep 18, 2025

Resource exhaustion in Frappe Press allows remote attackers to flood a user's inbox with duplicate team invitations. The invite_team_member method accepted repeated requests for the same email, created Account Request records, and sent another message without throttling or checking for a recent invitation. The network endpoint requires no privileges or user interaction, and repeated requests consume email and inbox resources without exposing or modifying application data.

CVSS severityUnavailable
Unscored
EPSS probability0.44%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Resource exhaustion in Frappe Press allows remote attackers to flood a user's inbox with duplicate team invitations. The invite_team_member method accepted repeated requests for the same email, created Account Request records, and sent another message without throttling or checking for a recent invitation. The network endpoint requires no privileges or user interaction, and repeated requests consume email and inbox resources without exposing or modifying application data.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-59421
Published
Sep 18, 2025
Updated
Sep 18, 2025
Vendor
Frappe Technologies Pvt. Ltd.
Product
Press
Classifications
CWE-770
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 18, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 18, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 83c3fc7676c5dbbe1fd5092d21d95a10c7b48615

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Frappe Technologies Pvt. Ltd. · Pressversion=< 83c3fc7676c5dbbe1fd5092d21d95a10c7b48615

Published CVSS scores

2.7GitHub, Inc.CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-770Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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