CVE-2025-59116Network attack vector

User enumeration via discrepant login messages

Published Nov 18, 2025 · Updated Dec 5, 2025

User enumeration in JCD.PL Windu CMS 4.1 allows remote attackers to identify valid login names through unauthenticated login requests. The login flow returns different messages for valid and invalid login names, exposing an account-validity oracle. No credentials or user interaction are required; disclosed login names can then seed password brute-force attempts.

CVSS severity5.3
Medium
EPSS probability0.24%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

User enumeration in JCD.PL Windu CMS 4.1 allows remote attackers to identify valid login names through unauthenticated login requests. The login flow returns different messages for valid and invalid login names, exposing an account-validity oracle. No credentials or user interaction are required; disclosed login names can then seed password brute-force attempts.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-59116
Published
Nov 18, 2025
Updated
Dec 5, 2025
Vendor
JCD.PL
Product
Windu CMS
Classifications
CWE-204, T1087
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Nov 18, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Dec 5, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <=4.1 changes=[{"at":"build 2250","status":"unaffected"}]

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

JCD.PL · Windu CMSversion=0 <=4.1 changes=[{"at":"build 2250","status":"unaffected"}]

Published CVSS scores

5.3NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
6.9CERT.PLCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-204Observable Response Discrepancy
T1087Account Discovery

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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