CVE-2025-58431Public exploit

Root-context arbitrary file read via loopback token bypass

Published Sep 17, 2025 · Updated Sep 17, 2025

Path traversal in ZimaOS 1.4.1 and earlier allows local users to read arbitrary files as root through the File API Download endpoint. The /v2_1/files/file/download handler skips its web-token check for loopback requests and accepts an unrestricted path query parameter for a root-context file read. Any user able to run a localhost request, including a non-privileged SSH account, can disclose files readable by root without an API token.

CVSS severity6.2
Medium
EPSS probability0.21%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Path traversal in ZimaOS 1.4.1 and earlier allows local users to read arbitrary files as root through the File API Download endpoint. The /v2_1/files/file/download handler skips its web-token check for loopback requests and accepts an unrestricted path query parameter for a root-context file read. Any user able to run a localhost request, including a non-privileged SSH account, can disclose files readable by root without an API token.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-58431
Published
Sep 17, 2025
Updated
Sep 17, 2025
Vendor
IceWhale Technology Limited
Product
ZimaOS
Classifications
CWE-250, CWE-22, T1005
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 17, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 17, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=<= 1.4.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

IceWhale Technology Limited · ZimaOSversion=<= 1.4.1

Published CVSS scores

4.8GitHub, Inc.CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
6.2NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-250Execution with Unnecessary Privileges
CWE-22Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
T1005Data from Local System

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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