CVE-2025-5688

Memory corruption via oversized LLMNR or mDNS names

Published Jun 4, 2025 · Updated Oct 14, 2025

Out-of-bounds write in FreeRTOS-Plus-TCP 2.3.4 through 4.3.1 allows attackers to corrupt memory via long LLMNR or mDNS names. The LLMNR and mDNS query handler places data derived from an oversized DNS name into a fixed-size Scheme 1 network buffer without adequate bounds checks. Reachability requires Buffer Allocation Scheme 1 and an enabled LLMNR or mDNS service; the resulting overwrite can corrupt device memory.

CVSS severity8.4
High
EPSS probability0.35%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Out-of-bounds write in FreeRTOS-Plus-TCP 2.3.4 through 4.3.1 allows attackers to corrupt memory via long LLMNR or mDNS names. The LLMNR and mDNS query handler places data derived from an oversized DNS name into a fixed-size Scheme 1 network buffer without adequate bounds checks. Reachability requires Buffer Allocation Scheme 1 and an enabled LLMNR or mDNS service; the resulting overwrite can corrupt device memory.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-5688
Published
Jun 4, 2025
Updated
Oct 14, 2025
Vendor
Amazon Web Services
Product
FreeRTOS
Classifications
CWE-787, T1499.004
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jun 4, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 14, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=2.3.4 <4.3.2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Amazon Web Services · FreeRTOSversion=2.3.4 <4.3.2

Published CVSS scores

8.4GitHub Security AdvisoryCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-787Out-of-bounds Write
T1499.004Endpoint Denial of Service: Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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