Authentication bypass via hardcoded JWT signing secret
Published Oct 15, 2025 · Updated Oct 15, 2025
Authentication bypass in Creativeitem Academy LMS 6.14 and earlier allows remote attackers to access any user account with a forged JWT. The TokenHandler.php library stores one default HS256 signing key in source code and uses it to generate and validate authentication tokens across installations. Knowledge of the shared key, but no existing account or user interaction, permits forged administrator tokens against every JWT-protected API endpoint.
Summary
What happened
Authentication bypass in Creativeitem Academy LMS 6.14 and earlier allows remote attackers to access any user account with a forged JWT. The TokenHandler.php library stores one default HS256 signing key in source code and uses it to generate and validate authentication tokens across installations. Knowledge of the shared key, but no existing account or user interaction, permits forged administrator tokens against every JWT-protected API endpoint.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2025-56749
- Published
- Oct 15, 2025
- Updated
- Oct 15, 2025
- Vendor
- Unknown vendor
- Product
- Unknown product
- Classifications
- CWE-798, T1606
- Attack vector
- network
- Privileges
- unauthenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Oct 15, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Oct 15, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.
Is a vulnerable build present?
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Public exploit references
- JWT administrator token forgery proof of conceptproof of concept · unverified
Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.
Technologies
Your stack
See the directory against your own environment.
Your stack
Check the software in your environment
Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.
Book a demo