CVE-2025-55728Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Authenticated code execution via unescaped panel classes

Published Sep 9, 2025 · Updated Sep 11, 2025

Code injection in XWiki Pro Macros before 1.26.5 allows remote authenticated users to execute server-side code through the panel macro. Panel.xml interpolates the classes parameter directly into XWiki 2.1 syntax, allowing injected async and Groovy macros to run during rendering. Page-edit permission is sufficient, and successful injection executes code in the XWiki server process.

CVSS severity10.0
Critical
EPSS probability0.79%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Code injection in XWiki Pro Macros before 1.26.5 allows remote authenticated users to execute server-side code through the panel macro. Panel.xml interpolates the classes parameter directly into XWiki 2.1 syntax, allowing injected async and Groovy macros to run during rendering. Page-edit permission is sufficient, and successful injection executes code in the XWiki server process.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-55728
Published
Sep 9, 2025
Updated
Sep 11, 2025
Vendor
XWiki SAS
Product
XWiki Pro Macros
Classifications
CWE-95, T1059, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 9, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 11, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=>= 1.0, < 1.26.5

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

XWiki SAS · XWiki Pro Macrosversion=>= 1.0, < 1.26.5

Published CVSS scores

9.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
10.0GitHubCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-95Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
T1059Command and Scripting Interpreter
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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