CVE-2025-54998Network attack vector

User lockout bypass via inconsistent alias attribution

Published Aug 9, 2025 · Updated Aug 11, 2025

Authentication throttling bypass in OpenBao 0.1.0 through 2.3.1 allows remote attackers to evade Userpass or LDAP user lockout. Alias lookahead and full login processing attribute equivalent usernames differently, so failed attempts are recorded against a different alias than the account used for authentication. The affected auth method must be enabled; varying equivalent username case or spacing permits continued password attempts against one account.

CVSS severity5.3
Medium
EPSS probability0.21%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Authentication throttling bypass in OpenBao 0.1.0 through 2.3.1 allows remote attackers to evade Userpass or LDAP user lockout. Alias lookahead and full login processing attribute equivalent usernames differently, so failed attempts are recorded against a different alias than the account used for authentication. The affected auth method must be enabled; varying equivalent username case or spacing permits continued password attempts against one account.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-54998
Published
Aug 9, 2025
Updated
Aug 11, 2025
Vendor
OpenBao
Product
OpenBao
Classifications
CWE-307, T1110.001
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 9, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 11, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=>= 0.1.0, < 2.3.2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

OpenBao · OpenBaoversion=>= 0.1.0, < 2.3.2

Published CVSS scores

5.3GitHub, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-307Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
T1110.001Password Guessing

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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