CVE-2025-54989Network attack vector

Unauthenticated server crash via null procedure dereference

Published Aug 15, 2025 · Updated Nov 3, 2025

A NULL pointer dereference in Firebird before 3.0.13, 4.0.6, and 5.0.3 allows remote attackers to crash the database server. The xdr_trrq_message parser reads port_rpr and passes fields from that procedure object to xdr_message without first rejecting a null pointer. Network access to the Firebird service is sufficient, with no authentication or user interaction; exploitation interrupts database availability without reported data disclosure or modification.

CVSS severity5.3
Medium
EPSS probability0.55%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

A NULL pointer dereference in Firebird before 3.0.13, 4.0.6, and 5.0.3 allows remote attackers to crash the database server. The xdr_trrq_message parser reads port_rpr and passes fields from that procedure object to xdr_message without first rejecting a null pointer. Network access to the Firebird service is sufficient, with no authentication or user interaction; exploitation interrupts database availability without reported data disclosure or modification.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-54989
Published
Aug 15, 2025
Updated
Nov 3, 2025
Vendor
FirebirdSQL
Product
Firebird
Classifications
CWE-476, T1499.004
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 15, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Nov 3, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 3.0.13
  2. Affected versionversion=< 4.0.6
  3. Affected versionversion=< 5.0.3

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

FirebirdSQL · Firebirdversion=< 3.0.13; version=< 4.0.6; version=< 5.0.3

Published CVSS scores

5.3GitHub, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
7.5NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-476NULL Pointer Dereference
T1499.004Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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