CVE-2025-54782Public exploit

Arbitrary code execution via cross-origin sandbox escape

Published Aug 1, 2025 · Updated Aug 4, 2025

Remote code execution in NestJS @nestjs/devtools-integration 0.2.0 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code. The /inspector/graph/interact handler accepts a cross-origin text/plain POST, parses its code field, and passes it to vm.runInNewContext, whose sandbox can be escaped. Exploitation requires the integration to be enabled and a developer to visit an attacker-controlled webpage; code then runs with the developer process's privileges.

CVSS severity9.4
Critical
EPSS probability51.32%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

Remote code execution in NestJS @nestjs/devtools-integration 0.2.0 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code. The /inspector/graph/interact handler accepts a cross-origin text/plain POST, parses its code field, and passes it to vm.runInNewContext, whose sandbox can be escaped. Exploitation requires the integration to be enabled and a developer to visit an attacker-controlled webpage; code then runs with the developer process's privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-54782
Published
Aug 1, 2025
Updated
Aug 4, 2025
Vendor
NestJS
Product
Nest
Classifications
CWE-352, CWE-77, CWE-78, T1189, T1203
Attack vector
adjacent
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 1, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 4, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 0.2.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectoradjacent
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

NestJS · Nestversion=< 0.2.1

Published CVSS scores

9.4GitHubCVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectoradjacent
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-352Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
CWE-77Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
T1189Drive-by Compromise
T1203Exploitation for Client Execution

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo