CVE-2025-54656Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Log forging via unsanitized lookup key

Published Jul 30, 2025 · Updated Nov 4, 2025

Log injection in Apache Struts Extras before 2 allows remote attackers to forge application log lines through crafted request input. The getLookupMapName method of LookupDispatchAction writes an unmatched attacker-controlled keyName directly into an error log without neutralizing newline characters. Exposure requires an application to use LookupDispatchAction and route attacker-controlled dispatch parameters to it; forged entries can mislead human or automated log consumers.

CVSS severity6.5
Medium
EPSS probability0.59%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Log injection in Apache Struts Extras before 2 allows remote attackers to forge application log lines through crafted request input. The getLookupMapName method of LookupDispatchAction writes an unmatched attacker-controlled keyName directly into an error log without neutralizing newline characters. Exposure requires an application to use LookupDispatchAction and route attacker-controlled dispatch parameters to it; forged entries can mislead human or automated log consumers.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-54656
Published
Jul 30, 2025
Updated
Nov 4, 2025
Vendor
The Apache Software Foundation
Product
Apache Struts Extras
Classifications
CWE-117, CAPEC-93
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 30, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Nov 4, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

The Apache Software Foundation · Apache Struts Extrasversion=0 <2

Published CVSS scores

6.5CISA ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-117Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
CAPEC-93Log Injection-Tampering-Forging

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

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