CVE-2025-54571Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Script source disclosure via ignored filter errors

Published Aug 5, 2025 · Updated Nov 3, 2025

Unchecked return-value handling in ModSecurity 2.9.11 and earlier allows remote attackers to disclose script source or enable XSS. In hook_request_late in mod_security2.c, mod_security2 ignores AP_FILTER_ERROR from request-body reading and continues processing, causing duplicate HTTP responses. Exploitation requires Apache with mod_security2 enabled and a request that triggers the filter error; the resulting error response can override Content-Type.

CVSS severity6.9
Medium
EPSS probability0.28%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Unchecked return-value handling in ModSecurity 2.9.11 and earlier allows remote attackers to disclose script source or enable XSS. In hook_request_late in mod_security2.c, mod_security2 ignores AP_FILTER_ERROR from request-body reading and continues processing, causing duplicate HTTP responses. Exploitation requires Apache with mod_security2 enabled and a request that triggers the filter error; the resulting error response can override Content-Type.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-54571
Published
Aug 5, 2025
Updated
Nov 3, 2025
Vendor
OWASP ModSecurity
Product
ModSecurity
Classifications
CWE-252, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 5, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Nov 3, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 2.9.12

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

OWASP ModSecurity · ModSecurityversion=< 2.9.12

Published CVSS scores

6.9GitHubCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-252Unchecked Return Value
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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