CVE-2025-54550Network attack vector

Authenticated worker code execution via XCom interpolation

Published Apr 15, 2026 · Updated Apr 15, 2026

Code injection in Apache Airflow before 3.2.0 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code on workers through crafted XCom values. The example_xcom DAG inserted XComArg values directly into a BashOperator command, allowing stored shell syntax to alter the executed command. Exploitation requires UI permission to modify XComs and use of the non-production example or a copied pattern; releases without that pattern are not exposed.

CVSS severity8.1
High
EPSS probability0.58%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Code injection in Apache Airflow before 3.2.0 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code on workers through crafted XCom values. The example_xcom DAG inserted XComArg values directly into a BashOperator command, allowing stored shell syntax to alter the executed command. Exploitation requires UI permission to modify XComs and use of the non-production example or a copied pattern; releases without that pattern are not exposed.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-54550
Published
Apr 15, 2026
Updated
Apr 15, 2026
Vendor
The Apache Software Foundation
Product
Apache Airflow
Classifications
CWE-94, T1059.004
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 15, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 15, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <3.2.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Apache Software Foundation · Apache Airflowversion=0 <3.2.0

Published CVSS scores

8.1CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-94Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
T1059.004Command and Scripting Interpreter: Unix Shell

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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