CVE-2025-54429Network attack vector

Precompile restriction bypass via construction-address misclassification

Published Jul 28, 2025 · Updated Jul 28, 2025

Incorrect account classification in Polkadot EVM Frontier before commit 0822030 allows remote attackers to bypass custom precompile restrictions. CallableByContract checks treat an address executing CREATE or CREATE2 initialization code as an EOA because runtime code is not stored until construction finishes. The flaw is reachable only in deployments with custom precompiles that distinguish EOA from Contract callers; predefined Frontier precompiles are not directly exploitable.

CVSS severity6.9
Medium
EPSS probability0.46%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Incorrect account classification in Polkadot EVM Frontier before commit 0822030 allows remote attackers to bypass custom precompile restrictions. CallableByContract checks treat an address executing CREATE or CREATE2 initialization code as an EOA because runtime code is not stored until construction finishes. The flaw is reachable only in deployments with custom precompiles that distinguish EOA from Contract callers; predefined Frontier precompiles are not directly exploitable.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-54429
Published
Jul 28, 2025
Updated
Jul 28, 2025
Vendor
Parity Technologies
Product
Frontier
Classifications
CWE-704
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 28, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jul 28, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 0822030

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Parity Technologies · Frontierversion=< 0822030

Published CVSS scores

6.9GitHub CNACVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-704Incorrect Type Conversion or Cast

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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