CVE-2025-54418Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Remote command execution via unescaped ImageMagick arguments

Published Jul 28, 2025 · Updated Jul 28, 2025

Command injection in CodeIgniter 4 before 4.6.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands through ImageMagick processing. ImageMagickHandler::_resize() and _text() concatenate filenames, text, or options into command strings that process() passes to PHP exec() without shell escaping. Exploitation requires the nondefault ImageMagick handler and an application that sends attacker-controlled values into resize() or text(); successful commands run with the application's privileges.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability1.55%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Command injection in CodeIgniter 4 before 4.6.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands through ImageMagick processing. ImageMagickHandler::_resize() and _text() concatenate filenames, text, or options into command strings that process() passes to PHP exec() without shell escaping. Exploitation requires the nondefault ImageMagick handler and an application that sends attacker-controlled values into resize() or text(); successful commands run with the application's privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-54418
Published
Jul 28, 2025
Updated
Jul 28, 2025
Vendor
CodeIgniter Foundation
Product
CodeIgniter 4
Classifications
CWE-78, T1059
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 28, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jul 28, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 4.6.2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

CodeIgniter Foundation · CodeIgniter 4version=< 4.6.2

Published CVSS scores

9.8GitHub Security AdvisoryCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
T1059Command and Scripting Interpreter

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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