CVE-2025-54388

Remote port access via omitted endpoint rule restoration

Published Jul 30, 2025 · Updated Jul 30, 2025

Firewall restoration failure in Moby 28.2.0 through 28.3.2 allows remote attackers to access loopback-published container ports. bridgeNetwork.reapplyPerPortIptables reapplies port NAT rules after a firewalld reload but fails to re-add endpoints and their filtering rules. Exploitation requires a host-network-namespace engine with firewalld, an explicit loopback publication, a reload, and a route to the bridge; rootless, Desktop, internal-network, and unpublished-port deployments remain unaffected.

CVSS severity5.1
Medium
EPSS probability0.23%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

Firewall restoration failure in Moby 28.2.0 through 28.3.2 allows remote attackers to access loopback-published container ports. bridgeNetwork.reapplyPerPortIptables reapplies port NAT rules after a firewalld reload but fails to re-add endpoints and their filtering rules. Exploitation requires a host-network-namespace engine with firewalld, an explicit loopback publication, a reload, and a route to the bridge; rootless, Desktop, internal-network, and unpublished-port deployments remain unaffected.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-54388
Published
Jul 30, 2025
Updated
Jul 30, 2025
Vendor
Moby Project
Product
Moby
Classifications
CWE-909
Attack vector
adjacent
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 30, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jul 30, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=>= 28.2.0, < 28.3.3

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectoradjacent
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Moby Project · Mobyversion=>= 28.2.0, < 28.3.3

Published CVSS scores

4.6NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
5.1GitHub, Inc.CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectoradjacent
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-909Missing Initialization of Resource

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo