CVE-2025-54236Known exploitationPublic exploitNetwork attack vector

Unauthenticated code execution via nested REST deserialization

Published Sep 9, 2025 · Updated Sep 9, 2025

Improper input validation in Adobe Commerce 2.4.9-alpha2 and earlier allows remote attackers to take over sessions through the REST API. The REST API's ServiceInputProcessor accepts nested object graphs from guest requests and permits them to redirect PHP's file-based session path to an uploaded serialized session, which PHP then unserializes. No account or user interaction is required; the demonstrated code-execution chain requires file-based session storage, while the vendor-confirmed impact is session takeover.

CVSS severity9.1
Critical
EPSS probability94.53%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationReported
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

Improper input validation in Adobe Commerce 2.4.9-alpha2 and earlier allows remote attackers to take over sessions through the REST API. The REST API's ServiceInputProcessor accepts nested object graphs from guest requests and permits them to redirect PHP's file-based session path to an uploaded serialized session, which PHP then unserializes. No account or user interaction is required; the demonstrated code-execution chain requires file-based session storage, while the vendor-confirmed impact is session takeover.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-54236
Published
Sep 9, 2025
Updated
Sep 9, 2025
Vendor
Adobe
Product
Adobe Commerce
Classifications
CWE-20, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 9, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 9, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
  3. Oct 22, 2025Exploitation reportedSessionReaper mass exploitation

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <=2.4.4-p15

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Adobe · Adobe Commerceversion=0 <=2.4.4-p15

Published CVSS scores

9.1AdobeCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsShadowserver observations through Sep 15, 2026. Gaps indicate unavailable data.
Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
View daily counts
Reporting dayUnique IPs
Sep 9, 2026Unavailable
Sep 10, 2026Unavailable
Sep 11, 2026Unavailable
Sep 12, 2026Unavailable
Sep 13, 2026Unavailable
Sep 14, 20261
Sep 15, 2026Unavailable
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationReported
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-20Improper Input Validation
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Reported exploitation

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo