CVE-2025-54126Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Unauthorized service access via zero-mask address entry

Published Jul 29, 2025 · Updated Jul 30, 2025

Access control bypass in WAMR iwasm 2.4.0 and earlier allows remote attackers to reach IP-restricted services via unrestricted IPv4 access. In wasm_runtime_init_wasi, a missing subnet mask is passed to addr_pool_insert as zero, creating a match-all entry instead of rejecting malformed CIDR input. Exposure requires iwasm to run a socket-enabled module with a maskless --addr-pool entry; the demonstrated consequence is unauthorized network access.

CVSS severity6.9
Medium
EPSS probability0.61%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Access control bypass in WAMR iwasm 2.4.0 and earlier allows remote attackers to reach IP-restricted services via unrestricted IPv4 access. In wasm_runtime_init_wasi, a missing subnet mask is passed to addr_pool_insert as zero, creating a match-all entry instead of rejecting malformed CIDR input. Exposure requires iwasm to run a socket-enabled module with a maskless --addr-pool entry; the demonstrated consequence is unauthorized network access.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-54126
Published
Jul 29, 2025
Updated
Jul 30, 2025
Vendor
Bytecode Alliance
Product
WebAssembly Micro Runtime (WAMR)
Classifications
CWE-668, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 29, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jul 30, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 2.4.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Bytecode Alliance · WebAssembly Micro Runtime (WAMR)version=< 2.4.1

Published CVSS scores

5.3NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
6.9GitHub, Inc.CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-668Exposure of Resource to Wrong Sphere
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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