Local privilege escalation via AFD stack overflow
Published Sep 9, 2025 · Updated Sep 9, 2025
Stack-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Windows AFD.sys allows local users with low privileges to elevate privileges on the host. Microsoft has not disclosed the affected routine, the attacker-controlled input, or the operation that overruns the driver stack. Exploitation requires local access and winning a race condition; success grants elevated control without user interaction.
Summary
What happened
Stack-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Windows AFD.sys allows local users with low privileges to elevate privileges on the host. Microsoft has not disclosed the affected routine, the attacker-controlled input, or the operation that overruns the driver stack. Exploitation requires local access and winning a race condition; success grants elevated control without user interaction.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2025-54099
- Published
- Sep 9, 2025
- Updated
- Sep 9, 2025
- Vendor
- Microsoft
- Product
- Windows 10 Version 1507
- Classifications
- CWE-121, T1068
- Attack vector
- local
- Privileges
- authenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Sep 9, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Sep 9, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=10.0.10240.0 <10.0.10240.21128
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
No public exploit references are available in this record.
Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.
Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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