CVE-2025-53605Network attack vector

Application crash via unbounded unknown-group recursion

Published Jul 5, 2025 · Updated Jul 8, 2025

Uncontrolled recursion in rust-protobuf before 3.7.2 allows remote attackers to crash consuming applications with nested unknown groups. CodedInputStream::skip_group recursively follows StartGroup wire types without applying the parser's recursion-depth limit, so deeply nested untrusted input exhausts the thread stack. Exposure requires an application to parse attacker-controlled Protocol Buffers data containing unknown groups; the bounded consequence is a process crash.

CVSS severityUnavailable
Unscored
EPSS probability0.41%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Uncontrolled recursion in rust-protobuf before 3.7.2 allows remote attackers to crash consuming applications with nested unknown groups. CodedInputStream::skip_group recursively follows StartGroup wire types without applying the parser's recursion-depth limit, so deeply nested untrusted input exhausts the thread stack. Exposure requires an application to parse attacker-controlled Protocol Buffers data containing unknown groups; the bounded consequence is a process crash.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-53605
Published
Jul 5, 2025
Updated
Jul 8, 2025
Vendor
Stepan Koltsov
Product
rust-protobuf
Classifications
CWE-770, CWE-20, T1499.004
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 5, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jul 8, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <3.7.2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Stepan Koltsov · rust-protobufversion=0 <3.7.2

Published CVSS scores

6.6GitHub Advisory DatabaseCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-770Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CWE-20Improper Input Validation
T1499.004Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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