CVE-2025-52988

Root privilege escalation via crafted logout arguments

Published Jul 11, 2025 · Updated Feb 26, 2026

OS command injection in the CLI of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows local users to gain root privileges. The request system logout command passes specially crafted user-supplied arguments to a root shell without neutralizing command elements. Exploitation requires an authenticated account with the maintenance privilege, and successful commands execute as root with complete control of the device.

CVSS severity6.7
Medium
EPSS probability0.46%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

OS command injection in the CLI of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows local users to gain root privileges. The request system logout command passes specially crafted user-supplied arguments to a root shell without neutralizing command elements. Exploitation requires an authenticated account with the maintenance privilege, and successful commands execute as root with complete control of the device.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-52988
Published
Jul 11, 2025
Updated
Feb 26, 2026
Vendor
Juniper Networks
Product
Junos OS Evolved
Classifications
CWE-78, T1068, T1059.004
Attack vector
local
Privileges
admin

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 11, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 26, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <22.4R3-S6-EVO
  2. Affected versionversion=23.2-EVO <23.2R2-S1-EVO
  3. Affected versionversion=23.4-EVO <23.4R1-S2-EVO, 23.4R2-EVO

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesadmin

What is affected?

Juniper Networks · Junos OS Evolvedversion=0 <22.4R3-S6-EVO; version=23.2-EVO <23.2R2-S1-EVO; version=23.4-EVO <23.4R1-S2-EVO, 23.4R2-EVO
Juniper Networks · Junos OSversion=0 <21.2R3-S9; version=21.4 <21.4R3-S8; version=22.2 <22.2R3-S6; version=22.3 <22.3R3-S3; version=22.4 <22.4R3-S6; version=23.2 <23.2R2-S1; version=23.4 <23.4R1-S2, 23.4R2

Published CVSS scores

8.4Juniper Networks, Inc.CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
6.7Juniper Networks, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesadmin
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation
T1059.004Unix Shell

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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