CVE-2025-52961

FPC restart via CFM packet resource exhaustion

Published Oct 9, 2025 · Updated Oct 9, 2025

Uncontrolled resource consumption in Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved CFM services allows attackers to crash and restart an FPC. Processing specific valid CFM traffic drives cfmd CPU use to 100% while cfmman leaks memory until the forwarding card fails. The attack requires an adjacent device and configured CFM; continued packet receipt sustains the service interruption after restarts.

CVSS severity7.1
High
EPSS probability0.48%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Uncontrolled resource consumption in Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved CFM services allows attackers to crash and restart an FPC. Processing specific valid CFM traffic drives cfmd CPU use to 100% while cfmman leaks memory until the forwarding card fails. The attack requires an adjacent device and configured CFM; continued packet receipt sustains the service interruption after restarts.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-52961
Published
Oct 9, 2025
Updated
Oct 9, 2025
Vendor
Juniper Networks
Product
Junos OS Evolved
Classifications
CWE-400, T1499.003
Attack vector
adjacent
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Oct 9, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 9, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=23.2R1-EVO <23.2R2-S4-EVO
  2. Affected versionversion=23.4-EVO <23.4R2-S4-EVO
  3. Affected versionversion=24.2-EVO <24.2R2-EVO
  4. Affected versionversion=24.4-EVO <24.4R1-S2-EVO, 24.4R2-EVO

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectoradjacent
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Juniper Networks · Junos OS Evolvedversion=23.2R1-EVO <23.2R2-S4-EVO; version=23.4-EVO <23.4R2-S4-EVO; version=24.2-EVO <24.2R2-EVO; version=24.4-EVO <24.4R1-S2-EVO, 24.4R2-EVO

Published CVSS scores

7.1Juniper NetworksCVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:L
6.5Juniper NetworksCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectoradjacent
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-400Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
T1499.003Application Exhaustion Flood

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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