CVE-2025-52954

Root privilege escalation via internal VRF packets

Published Jul 11, 2025 · Updated Feb 26, 2026

Missing authorization in the internal VRF of Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved allows local users to gain root privileges. The internal VRF accepts packets from low-privileged accounts without enforcing authorization before dispatching them as arbitrary Junos commands. A low-privileged account able to send packets over that VRF can modify configuration and fully compromise the system.

CVSS severity8.5
High
EPSS probability0.15%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Missing authorization in the internal VRF of Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved allows local users to gain root privileges. The internal VRF accepts packets from low-privileged accounts without enforcing authorization before dispatching them as arbitrary Junos commands. A low-privileged account able to send packets over that VRF can modify configuration and fully compromise the system.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-52954
Published
Jul 11, 2025
Updated
Feb 26, 2026
Vendor
Juniper Networks
Product
Junos OS Evolved
Classifications
CWE-862, T1068
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 11, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 26, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <22.2R3-S7-EVO
  2. Affected versionversion=22.4 <22.4R3-S7-EVO
  3. Affected versionversion=23.2 <23.2R2-S4-EVO
  4. Affected versionversion=23.4 <23.4R2-S5-EVO
  5. Affected versionversion=24.2 <24.2R2-S1-EVO
  6. Affected versionversion=24.4 <24.4R1-S2-EVO, 24.4R2-EVO

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Juniper Networks · Junos OS Evolvedversion=0 <22.2R3-S7-EVO; version=22.4 <22.4R3-S7-EVO; version=23.2 <23.2R2-S4-EVO; version=23.4 <23.4R2-S5-EVO; version=24.2 <24.2R2-S1-EVO; version=24.4 <24.4R1-S2-EVO, 24.4R2-EVO

Published CVSS scores

7.8Juniper NetworksCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.5Juniper NetworksCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-862Missing Authorization
T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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