CVE-2025-52946Network attack vector

Sustained routing denial via malformed AS PATH

Published Jul 11, 2025 · Updated Jul 11, 2025

Use-after-free in rpd in Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows remote attackers to crash rpd with a malformed BGP AS PATH. While processing the AS PATH, rpd accesses freed memory when traceoptions are enabled; Juniper has not disclosed the precise object lifetime error. An established BGP session and enabled BGP traceoptions are required, and repeated malicious updates sustain routing-service interruption through recurring rpd restarts.

CVSS severity7.5
High
EPSS probability0.44%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Use-after-free in rpd in Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows remote attackers to crash rpd with a malformed BGP AS PATH. While processing the AS PATH, rpd accesses freed memory when traceoptions are enabled; Juniper has not disclosed the precise object lifetime error. An established BGP session and enabled BGP traceoptions are required, and repeated malicious updates sustain routing-service interruption through recurring rpd restarts.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-52946
Published
Jul 11, 2025
Updated
Jul 11, 2025
Vendor
Juniper Networks
Product
Junos OS Evolved
Classifications
CWE-416, T1499.004
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 11, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jul 11, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <22.4R3-S5-EVO
  2. Affected versionversion=23.2-EVO <23.2R2-S3-EVO
  3. Affected versionversion=23.4-EVO <23.4R2-S4-EVO
  4. Affected versionversion=24.2-EVO <24.2R2-EVO

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Juniper Networks · Junos OS Evolvedversion=0 <22.4R3-S5-EVO; version=23.2-EVO <23.2R2-S3-EVO; version=23.4-EVO <23.4R2-S4-EVO; version=24.2-EVO <24.2R2-EVO
Juniper Networks · Junos OSversion=0 <21.2R3-S9; version=21.4 <*; version=22.2 <22.2R3-S6; version=22.4 <22.4R3-S5; version=23.2 <23.2R2-S3; version=23.4 <23.4R2-S4; version=24.2 <24.2R2

Published CVSS scores

8.7Juniper NetworksCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:L/AU:Y/R:A/V:C/RE:M
7.5Juniper NetworksCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-416Use After Free
T1499.004Endpoint Denial of Service: Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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