CVE-2025-5255

TCC bypass via permissive dylib entitlements

Published Jun 20, 2025 · Updated Jan 21, 2026

Dylib injection in core.ai Phoenix Code 4.0.3 and earlier allows local users to bypass TCC via DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES. The macOS entitlements file permits DYLD environment variables and disables library validation, causing attacker-supplied code to load in the application's context. An unprivileged local account can reach resources covered by existing grants without interaction; access beyond those grants requires approval through a system prompt.

CVSS severity4.8
Medium
EPSS probability0.23%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Dylib injection in core.ai Phoenix Code 4.0.3 and earlier allows local users to bypass TCC via DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES. The macOS entitlements file permits DYLD environment variables and disables library validation, causing attacker-supplied code to load in the application's context. An unprivileged local account can reach resources covered by existing grants without interaction; access beyond those grants requires approval through a system prompt.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-5255
Published
Jun 20, 2025
Updated
Jan 21, 2026
Vendor
core.ai
Product
Phoenix Code
Classifications
CWE-276, CAPEC-122, T1574.006
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jun 20, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jan 21, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <=4.0.3

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

core.ai · Phoenix Codeversion=0 <=4.0.3

Published CVSS scores

4.8CERT.PLCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-276Incorrect Default Permissions
CAPEC-122Privilege Abuse
T1574.006Hijack Execution Flow: Dynamic Linker Hijacking

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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