CVE-2025-52434Network attack vector

Unauthenticated JVM crash via connection-close race

Published Jul 10, 2025 · Updated Nov 4, 2025

Race condition in Apache Tomcat 8.5.0 through 8.5.100 and 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.106 allows remote attackers to crash the JVM. AprEndpoint closes an APR socket without consistently holding the socket wrapper lock, allowing a client-initiated HTTP/2 close to race with concurrent native socket operations. APR/native and HTTP/2 must be enabled; successful exploitation interrupts Tomcat service without reported data access or modification.

CVSS severity7.5
High
EPSS probability1.91%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Race condition in Apache Tomcat 8.5.0 through 8.5.100 and 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.106 allows remote attackers to crash the JVM. AprEndpoint closes an APR socket without consistently holding the socket wrapper lock, allowing a client-initiated HTTP/2 close to race with concurrent native socket operations. APR/native and HTTP/2 must be enabled; successful exploitation interrupts Tomcat service without reported data access or modification.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-52434
Published
Jul 10, 2025
Updated
Nov 4, 2025
Vendor
The Apache Software Foundation
Product
Apache Tomcat
Classifications
CWE-362, T1499.004
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 10, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Nov 4, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=8.5.0 <=8.5.100
  2. Affected versionversion=9.0.0.M1 <=9.0.106

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

The Apache Software Foundation · Apache Tomcatversion=8.5.0 <=8.5.100; version=9.0.0.M1 <=9.0.106

Published CVSS scores

7.5CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
6.3GitHub Advisory DatabaseCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:H/E:U

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-362Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')
T1499.004Endpoint Denial of Service: Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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