CVE-2025-5151Public exploit

Local code execution via direct Python exec

Published May 25, 2025 · Updated May 28, 2025

Code injection in Defog Introspect 0.1.0 through 0.1.4 allows local users to execute Python code through the analysis tool. execute_analysis_code_safely passes the supplied code string to Python exec inside a namespace containing data libraries, without an effective sandbox. Low-privileged local access is required; injected code can read or modify resources available inside the service container and return file contents.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability0.30%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Code injection in Defog Introspect 0.1.0 through 0.1.4 allows local users to execute Python code through the analysis tool. execute_analysis_code_safely passes the supplied code string to Python exec inside a namespace containing data libraries, without an effective sandbox. Low-privileged local access is required; injected code can read or modify resources available inside the service container and return file contents.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-5151
Published
May 25, 2025
Updated
May 28, 2025
Vendor
Defog.ai
Product
Defog Introspect
Classifications
CWE-74, CWE-94, T1059.006
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 25, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 28, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0.1.0
  2. Affected versionversion=0.1.1
  3. Affected versionversion=0.1.2
  4. Affected versionversion=0.1.3
  5. Affected versionversion=0.1.4

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Defog.ai · Defog Introspectversion=0.1.0; version=0.1.1; version=0.1.2; version=0.1.3; version=0.1.4

Published CVSS scores

4.8VulDB CNACVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
5.3VulDB CNACVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
4.3VulDB CNAAV:L/AC:L/Au:S/C:P/I:P/A:P
7.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-74Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
CWE-94Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
T1059.006Command and Scripting Interpreter: Python

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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