CVE-2025-49694

Local privilege escalation via null-pointer dereference

Published Jul 8, 2025 · Updated Feb 13, 2026

Null-pointer dereference in Microsoft Brokering File System on affected Windows builds allows local users to elevate privileges. The file-system component dereferences a null pointer during local exploitation; Microsoft has not disclosed the responsible function, input field, or processing path. Low-privileged access is required, and successful exploitation grants elevated privileges with confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability0.38%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Null-pointer dereference in Microsoft Brokering File System on affected Windows builds allows local users to elevate privileges. The file-system component dereferences a null pointer during local exploitation; Microsoft has not disclosed the responsible function, input field, or processing path. Low-privileged access is required, and successful exploitation grants elevated privileges with confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-49694
Published
Jul 8, 2025
Updated
Feb 13, 2026
Vendor
Microsoft
Product
Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation)
Classifications
CWE-476, T1068
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 8, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 13, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.4652

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Microsoft · Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation)version=10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.4652
Microsoft · Windows 11, version 24H2version=10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.4652
Microsoft · Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation)version=10.0.25398.0 <10.0.25398.1732
Microsoft · Windows Server 2025version=10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.4652

Published CVSS scores

7.8Microsoft CorporationCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-476NULL Pointer Dereference
T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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