CVE-2025-49655Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Arbitrary code execution via unsafe TorchModuleWrapper deserialization

Published Oct 17, 2025 · Updated Oct 17, 2025

Deserialization in Keras 3.11.0 through 3.11.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code through a crafted model file. The TorchModuleWrapper.from_config method base64-decodes the model's module field and passes it to torch.load with weights_only=False even in safe mode. Loading an attacker-controlled local or remote .keras model is the gate, and the unpickled payload runs with the loading process's privileges.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability0.70%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Deserialization in Keras 3.11.0 through 3.11.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code through a crafted model file. The TorchModuleWrapper.from_config method base64-decodes the model's module field and passes it to torch.load with weights_only=False even in safe mode. Loading an attacker-controlled local or remote .keras model is the gate, and the unpickled payload runs with the loading process's privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-49655
Published
Oct 17, 2025
Updated
Oct 17, 2025
Vendor
Keras
Product
Keras
Classifications
CWE-502, T1203
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Oct 17, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 17, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=3.11.0 <3.11.3

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Keras · Kerasversion=3.11.0 <3.11.3

Published CVSS scores

9.8HiddenLayerCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-502Deserialization of Untrusted Data
T1203Exploitation for Client Execution

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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