CVE-2025-49581Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Authenticated code execution via privileged macro defaults

Published Jun 13, 2025 · Updated Jun 13, 2025

Code injection in affected XWiki Platform releases allows remote authenticated users with page edit rights to execute arbitrary server code. The DefaultWikiMacroRenderer executes a wiki-type parameter's default value in the using document author's privileged context instead of the macro author's context. Editing any page, including a profile, is sufficient to override a privileged macro and gain full access to the installation.

CVSS severity8.7
High
EPSS probability0.59%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Code injection in affected XWiki Platform releases allows remote authenticated users with page edit rights to execute arbitrary server code. The DefaultWikiMacroRenderer executes a wiki-type parameter's default value in the using document author's privileged context instead of the macro author's context. Editing any page, including a profile, is sufficient to override a privileged macro and gain full access to the installation.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-49581
Published
Jun 13, 2025
Updated
Jun 13, 2025
Vendor
CryptPad
Product
XWiki Platform
Classifications
CWE-94, CWE-250, CWE-270, T1059
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jun 13, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jun 13, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=>= 11.10.11, < 12.0
  2. Affected versionversion=>= 12.6.3, < 12.7
  3. Affected versionversion=>= 12.8-rc-1, < 16.4.7
  4. Affected versionversion=>= 16.5.0-rc-1, < 16.10.3
  5. Affected versionversion=>= 17.0.0-rc-1, < 17.0.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

CryptPad · XWiki Platformversion=>= 11.10.11, < 12.0; version=>= 12.6.3, < 12.7; version=>= 12.8-rc-1, < 16.4.7; version=>= 16.5.0-rc-1, < 16.10.3; version=>= 17.0.0-rc-1, < 17.0.0

Published CVSS scores

8.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.7GitHub, Inc.CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-94Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
CWE-250Execution with Unnecessary Privileges
CWE-270Privilege Context Switching Error
T1059Command and Scripting Interpreter

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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