CVE-2025-49257Network attack vector

Unauthenticated code execution via local file inclusion

Published Jun 17, 2025 · Updated May 12, 2026

PHP local file inclusion in ThemBay Zota 1.3.8 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute PHP code through crafted file paths. The theme passes an attacker-controlled filename to a PHP include or require operation without adequately restricting the selected local path. The affected operation is reachable without authentication; ThemBay has not published the vulnerable file, function, or request parameter.

CVSS severity8.1
High
EPSS probability0.54%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

PHP local file inclusion in ThemBay Zota 1.3.8 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute PHP code through crafted file paths. The theme passes an attacker-controlled filename to a PHP include or require operation without adequately restricting the selected local path. The affected operation is reachable without authentication; ThemBay has not published the vulnerable file, function, or request parameter.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-49257
Published
Jun 17, 2025
Updated
May 12, 2026
Vendor
ThemBay
Product
Zota
Classifications
CWE-98, CAPEC-252, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jun 17, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 12, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <=1.3.8 changes=[{"at":"1.3.9","status":"unaffected"}]

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

ThemBay · Zotaversion=0 <=1.3.8 changes=[{"at":"1.3.9","status":"unaffected"}]

Published CVSS scores

8.1PatchstackCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.8WordfenceCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-98Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion')
CAPEC-252PHP Local File Inclusion
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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