CVE-2025-49223Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Code execution via unsafe configuration merging

Published Jun 4, 2025 · Updated Jun 4, 2025

Prototype pollution in NAVER Corporation billboard.js before 3.15.1 allows remote attackers to execute code or crash applications. The generate function recursively merges attacker-controlled chart configuration keys into ordinary objects without rejecting proto, constructor, or prototype, allowing writes into Object.prototype. Exploitation requires an application to pass attacker-controlled configuration to generate; polluted properties then affect later objects in the same JavaScript runtime.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability0.84%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Prototype pollution in NAVER Corporation billboard.js before 3.15.1 allows remote attackers to execute code or crash applications. The generate function recursively merges attacker-controlled chart configuration keys into ordinary objects without rejecting proto, constructor, or prototype, allowing writes into Object.prototype. Exploitation requires an application to pass attacker-controlled configuration to generate; polluted properties then affect later objects in the same JavaScript runtime.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-49223
Published
Jun 4, 2025
Updated
Jun 4, 2025
Vendor
NAVER Corporation
Product
billboard.js
Classifications
CWE-1321, T1203
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jun 4, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jun 4, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected versions are unavailable in this record. Check the vendor advisory for version and patch details.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

NAVER Corporation · billboard.jsAffected versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

9.8CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-1321Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
T1203Exploitation for Client Execution

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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