Arbitrary code execution via flawed bounds-check elimination
Published May 17, 2025 · Updated Apr 13, 2026
Out-of-bounds access in Mozilla Firefox before 138.0.4 allows remote attackers to execute code via crafted JavaScript. IonMonkey's TryEliminateBoundsCheck merges bounds checks after ExtractLinearSum applies wrapping 32-bit arithmetic, permitting a crafted huge typed array to access memory before its buffer. Thunderbird before 128.10.2 and 138.0 through 138.0.1 is also affected, but ordinary email reading disables scripting; exploitation requires a browser-like context and remains inside the renderer sandbox.
Summary
What happened
Out-of-bounds access in Mozilla Firefox before 138.0.4 allows remote attackers to execute code via crafted JavaScript. IonMonkey's TryEliminateBoundsCheck merges bounds checks after ExtractLinearSum applies wrapping 32-bit arithmetic, permitting a crafted huge typed array to access memory before its buffer. Thunderbird before 128.10.2 and 138.0 through 138.0.1 is also affected, but ordinary email reading disables scripting; exploitation requires a browser-like context and remains inside the renderer sandbox.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2025-4919
- Published
- May 17, 2025
- Updated
- Apr 13, 2026
- Vendor
- Unknown vendor
- Product
- Unknown product
- Classifications
- CWE-787, CWE-125, T1203
- Attack vector
- network
- Privileges
- unauthenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- May 17, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Apr 13, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
- ZDI out-of-bounds read/write proof of concept and exploit demonstrationfunctional · demonstrated
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Reported exploitation
- Pwn2Own Berlin 2025 Firefox renderer compromisereported exploitation
Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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