CVE-2025-49003Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Remote code execution via H2 JDBC filter bypass

Published Jun 26, 2025 · Updated Jun 26, 2025

H2 JDBC injection in FIT2CLOUD DataEase before 2.10.11 allows remote attackers to execute code via crafted data-source requests. The unauthenticated /de2api/datasource/validate endpoint decodes an H2 JDBC URL, but its blacklist misses dotless-i, long-s, and backslash variants that H2 normalizes into INIT and RUNSCRIPT directives. No user interaction is required, and a successful request runs attacker-supplied SQL script content with the DataEase service process's privileges.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability0.90%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

H2 JDBC injection in FIT2CLOUD DataEase before 2.10.11 allows remote attackers to execute code via crafted data-source requests. The unauthenticated /de2api/datasource/validate endpoint decodes an H2 JDBC URL, but its blacklist misses dotless-i, long-s, and backslash variants that H2 normalizes into INIT and RUNSCRIPT directives. No user interaction is required, and a successful request runs attacker-supplied SQL script content with the DataEase service process's privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-49003
Published
Jun 26, 2025
Updated
Jun 26, 2025
Vendor
FIT2CLOUD
Product
DataEase
Classifications
CWE-153, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jun 26, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jun 26, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 2.10.11

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

FIT2CLOUD · DataEaseversion=< 2.10.11

Published CVSS scores

8.9GitHub, Inc.CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
9.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-153Improper Neutralization of Substitution Characters
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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