CVE-2025-48768Network attack vector

Device crash via root inode removal

Published Jan 1, 2026 · Updated Jan 1, 2026

Invalid pointer release in Apache NuttX versions from 10.0.0 before 12.10.0 allows remote attackers to crash devices via filesystem writes. fs_inoderemove allows the parentless root inode to reach inode_unlink, which writes through desc.parent while that pointer is NULL. Reachability requires a write-capable filesystem service, such as network-exposed FTP; the result is a debug assertion when enabled or an architecture-dependent NULL dereference and service interrupt.

CVSS severity6.5
Medium
EPSS probability0.84%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Invalid pointer release in Apache NuttX versions from 10.0.0 before 12.10.0 allows remote attackers to crash devices via filesystem writes. fs_inoderemove allows the parentless root inode to reach inode_unlink, which writes through desc.parent while that pointer is NULL. Reachability requires a write-capable filesystem service, such as network-exposed FTP; the result is a debug assertion when enabled or an architecture-dependent NULL dereference and service interrupt.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-48768
Published
Jan 1, 2026
Updated
Jan 1, 2026
Vendor
The Apache Software Foundation
Product
Apache NuttX
Classifications
CWE-763, T1499.004
Attack vector
network
Privileges
Unavailable

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 1, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jan 1, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=10.0.0 <12.10.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesUnavailable in this record.

What is affected?

The Apache Software Foundation · Apache NuttXversion=10.0.0 <12.10.0

Published CVSS scores

6.5NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
5.3CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
PrivilegesUnavailable
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-763Release of Invalid Pointer or Reference
T1499.004Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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