CVE-2025-48610

Local configuration disclosure via repeated pVM firmware copy

Published Dec 8, 2025 · Updated Dec 17, 2025

Information disclosure in the Android kernel allows local users to read protected-VM firmware configuration data through pKVM. __pkvm_guest_relinquish_to_host in mem_protect.c leaves the pVM firmware load address valid after a firmware page is returned, allowing a later donation to the same IPA range to re-fault and copy that page again. Exploitation requires low-privileged local access to an affected Android device with protected KVM and has no reported integrity or availability impact.

CVSS severity5.5
Medium
EPSS probability0.09%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Information disclosure in the Android kernel allows local users to read protected-VM firmware configuration data through pKVM. __pkvm_guest_relinquish_to_host in mem_protect.c leaves the pVM firmware load address valid after a firmware page is returned, allowing a later donation to the same IPA range to re-fault and copy that page again. Exploitation requires low-privileged local access to an affected Android device with protected KVM and has no reported integrity or availability impact.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-48610
Published
Dec 8, 2025
Updated
Dec 17, 2025
Vendor
Google Cloud
Product
Android
Classifications
T1005
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Dec 8, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Dec 17, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

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  1. Affected versionversion=Android kernel

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Google Cloud · Androidversion=Android kernel

Published CVSS scores

5.5CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
5.5NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

T1005Data from Local System

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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