CVE-2025-48539

Adjacent code execution via post-free buffer length read

Published Sep 4, 2025 · Updated Feb 26, 2026

Use-after-free in Android 15 and 16 Bluetooth allows remote authenticated users to execute code via adjacent Bluetooth traffic. SendPacketToPeer logs p_buf->len after L2CA_SendFixedChnlData can free p_buf, causing a dangling-pointer read. Exploitation requires a low-privilege adjacent peer and no user interaction; successful exploitation compromises the device.

CVSS severity8.0
High
EPSS probability0.25%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

Use-after-free in Android 15 and 16 Bluetooth allows remote authenticated users to execute code via adjacent Bluetooth traffic. SendPacketToPeer logs p_buf->len after L2CA_SendFixedChnlData can free p_buf, causing a dangling-pointer read. Exploitation requires a low-privilege adjacent peer and no user interaction; successful exploitation compromises the device.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-48539
Published
Sep 4, 2025
Updated
Feb 26, 2026
Vendor
Google Cloud
Product
Android
Classifications
CWE-416, T1658
Attack vector
adjacent
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 4, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 26, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=15
  2. Affected versionversion=16

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectoradjacent
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Google Cloud · Androidversion=15; version=16

Published CVSS scores

8.0GitHub Advisory DatabaseCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectoradjacent
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-416Use After Free
T1658Exploitation for Client Execution

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo