CVE-2025-4849Network attack vector

Command execution via unneutralized update URL

Published May 18, 2025 · Updated May 19, 2025

Command injection in TOTOLINK N300RH 6.1c.1390_B20191101 allows remote authenticated users to execute commands via a crafted url value. CloudACMunualUpdateUserdata in /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi passes the user-controlled url argument into a command context without adequate neutralization. Access to the router management interface and low-privilege authentication are required; successful exploitation can read or alter data and interrupt service.

CVSS severity5.3
Medium
EPSS probability1.45%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Command injection in TOTOLINK N300RH 6.1c.1390_B20191101 allows remote authenticated users to execute commands via a crafted url value. CloudACMunualUpdateUserdata in /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi passes the user-controlled url argument into a command context without adequate neutralization. Access to the router management interface and low-privilege authentication are required; successful exploitation can read or alter data and interrupt service.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-4849
Published
May 18, 2025
Updated
May 19, 2025
Vendor
TOTOLINK
Product
N300RH Firmware
Classifications
CWE-74, CWE-77, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 18, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 19, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=6.1c.1390_B20191101

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

TOTOLINK · N300RH Firmwareversion=6.1c.1390_B20191101

Published CVSS scores

5.3VulDBCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
9.8NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
6.3VulDBCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
6.5VulDBAV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:P/I:P/A:P

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-74Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
CWE-77Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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