CVE-2025-48471Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Authenticated code execution via extension denylist gaps

Published May 29, 2025 · Updated May 29, 2025

Unrestricted file upload in FreeScout before 1.8.179 allows remote authenticated users to execute code through phtml or phar files. The uploads/upload handler passes filenames to Helper::sanitizeUploadedFileName, whose restricted-extension pattern omits phtml and phar, leaving those files executable. A privileged FreeScout account and Apache deployment are required; successful exploitation runs attacker-supplied PHP in the web application context.

CVSS severity7.0
High
EPSS probability1.12%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Unrestricted file upload in FreeScout before 1.8.179 allows remote authenticated users to execute code through phtml or phar files. The uploads/upload handler passes filenames to Helper::sanitizeUploadedFileName, whose restricted-extension pattern omits phtml and phar, leaving those files executable. A privileged FreeScout account and Apache deployment are required; successful exploitation runs attacker-supplied PHP in the web application context.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-48471
Published
May 29, 2025
Updated
May 29, 2025
Vendor
FreeScout
Product
FreeScout
Classifications
CWE-434, T1505.003, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 29, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 29, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 1.8.179

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

FreeScout · FreeScoutversion=< 1.8.179

Published CVSS scores

9.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.0GitHub, Inc.CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-434Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type
T1505.003Web Shell
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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