CVE-2025-48468

Firmware modification via enabled JTAG debug pins

Published Jun 24, 2025 · Updated Jun 25, 2025

Improper JTAG access control in Advantech WISE firmware A2.01 B00 allows physically proximate attackers to modify device firmware. The device leaves its on-chip JTAG debug pins enabled during normal operation, permitting direct firmware injection or modification through the hardware interface. Exploitation requires physical device access and JTAG equipment; altered firmware can compromise device code and operation.

CVSS severity6.4
Medium
EPSS probability0.18%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper JTAG access control in Advantech WISE firmware A2.01 B00 allows physically proximate attackers to modify device firmware. The device leaves its on-chip JTAG debug pins enabled during normal operation, permitting direct firmware injection or modification through the hardware interface. Exploitation requires physical device access and JTAG equipment; altered firmware can compromise device code and operation.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-48468
Published
Jun 24, 2025
Updated
Jun 25, 2025
Vendor
Advantech
Product
WISE
Classifications
CWE-1191, T1495
Attack vector
physical
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jun 24, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jun 25, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=A2.01 B00

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorphysical
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Advantech · WISEversion=A2.01 B00

Published CVSS scores

6.4Cyber Security Agency of SingaporeCVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorphysical
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-1191On-Chip Debug and Test Interface With Improper Access Control
T1495Firmware Corruption

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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