CVE-2025-4841Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Code execution via unbounded CameraName stack copy

Published May 17, 2025 · Updated May 19, 2025

Stack-based buffer overflow in /bin/gpio in D-Link DCS-932L 2.18.01 allows remote authenticated users to execute code or crash the camera. The sub_404780 function reads CameraName from NVRAM and passes it to strcpy, which copies the value into a fixed-size stack variable without bounds checking. Reaching the flaw requires a route such as setSystemWizard to store CameraName; exploitation can take control of the camera or interrupt its service.

CVSS severity8.7
High
EPSS probability1.22%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

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Summary

What happened

Stack-based buffer overflow in /bin/gpio in D-Link DCS-932L 2.18.01 allows remote authenticated users to execute code or crash the camera. The sub_404780 function reads CameraName from NVRAM and passes it to strcpy, which copies the value into a fixed-size stack variable without bounds checking. Reaching the flaw requires a route such as setSystemWizard to store CameraName; exploitation can take control of the camera or interrupt its service.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-4841
Published
May 17, 2025
Updated
May 19, 2025
Vendor
D-Link
Product
DCS-932L
Classifications
CWE-119, CWE-787, CWE-121, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 17, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 19, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=2.18.01

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

D-Link · DCS-932Lversion=2.18.01

Published CVSS scores

8.7VulDBCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
9.0VulDBAV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:C/I:C/A:C
9.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.8VulDBCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-119Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
CWE-787Out-of-bounds Write
CWE-121Stack-based Buffer Overflow
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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