CVE-2025-48385Network attack vector

Code execution via advertised bundle URI injection

Published Jul 8, 2025 · Updated Nov 4, 2025

Protocol injection in Git allows remote attackers to write files and execute code through a server-advertised bundle URI. The bundle-URI handling accepts injected protocol parameters from the server and writes attacker-controlled bundle content to the resulting path. Bundle URIs are disabled by default; exploitation requires cloning an untrusted repository, and some paths also require social engineering or recursive submodules.

CVSS severity8.6
High
EPSS probability0.93%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Protocol injection in Git allows remote attackers to write files and execute code through a server-advertised bundle URI. The bundle-URI handling accepts injected protocol parameters from the server and writes attacker-controlled bundle content to the resulting path. Bundle URIs are disabled by default; exploitation requires cloning an untrusted repository, and some paths also require social engineering or recursive submodules.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-48385
Published
Jul 8, 2025
Updated
Nov 4, 2025
Vendor
Git
Product
Git
Classifications
CWE-88, CWE-73, T1204
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 8, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Nov 4, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 2.43.7
  2. Affected versionversion=>= 2.44.0-rc0, < 2.44.4
  3. Affected versionversion=>= 2.45.0-rc0, < 2.45.4
  4. Affected versionversion=>= 2.46.0-rc0, < 2.46.4
  5. Affected versionversion=>= 2.47.0-rc0, < 2.47.3
  6. Affected versionversion=>= 2.48.0-rc0, < 2.48.2
  7. Affected versionversion=>= 2.49.0-rc0, < 2.49.1
  8. Affected versionversion=>= 2.50.0-rc0, < 2.50.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Git · Gitversion=< 2.43.7; version=>= 2.44.0-rc0, < 2.44.4; version=>= 2.45.0-rc0, < 2.45.4; version=>= 2.46.0-rc0, < 2.46.4; version=>= 2.47.0-rc0, < 2.47.3; version=>= 2.48.0-rc0, < 2.48.2; version=>= 2.49.0-rc0, < 2.49.1; version=>= 2.50.0-rc0, < 2.50.1

Published CVSS scores

8.3Red HatCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L
8.6GitHub CNACVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-88Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
CWE-73External Control of File Name or Path
T1204User Execution

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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