CVE-2025-48372Network attack vector

Account takeover via four-digit password-reset OTP

Published May 22, 2025 · Updated May 23, 2025

Insufficient OTP complexity in Schule before 1.0.1 allows remote attackers to take over accounts through password-reset OTP guessing. The generateOTP() function in forgotPassword.php selects only 1000 through 9999, leaving 9,000 values for an OTP that authorizes the subsequent password change. Exploitation requires the public forgot-password flow and a target email address; a correct OTP guess permits resetting that account's password.

CVSS severity7.3
High
EPSS probability0.27%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Insufficient OTP complexity in Schule before 1.0.1 allows remote attackers to take over accounts through password-reset OTP guessing. The generateOTP() function in forgotPassword.php selects only 1000 through 9999, leaving 9,000 values for an OTP that authorizes the subsequent password change. Exploitation requires the public forgot-password flow and a target email address; a correct OTP guess permits resetting that account's password.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-48372
Published
May 22, 2025
Updated
May 23, 2025
Vendor
schule111
Product
Schule
Classifications
CWE-521, T1110
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 22, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 23, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 1.0.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

schule111 · Schuleversion=< 1.0.1

Published CVSS scores

6.6GitHub, Inc.CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U
7.3NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-521Weak Password Requirements
T1110Brute Force

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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