Authorization bypass via incomplete bypass-policy expression
Published Oct 17, 2025 · Updated Oct 17, 2025
Incorrect authorization in Ash 3.6.3 through 3.7.0 allows remote authenticated users to access protected resources and actions. The Policy.expression/2 fold treats a true bypass condition, rather than the condition-and-check complete expression, as proof that a policy applies. Exploitation requires a matching bypass condition whose authorization checks fail while every other policy condition is false, granting unauthorized reads or actions without affecting availability.
Summary
What happened
Incorrect authorization in Ash 3.6.3 through 3.7.0 allows remote authenticated users to access protected resources and actions. The Policy.expression/2 fold treats a true bypass condition, rather than the condition-and-check complete expression, as proof that a policy applies. Exploitation requires a matching bypass condition whose authorization checks fail while every other policy condition is false, granting unauthorized reads or actions without affecting availability.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2025-48044
- Published
- Oct 17, 2025
- Updated
- Oct 17, 2025
- Vendor
- Ash Framework
- Product
- Ash
- Classifications
- CWE-863, CWE-285, CAPEC-115, T1190
- Attack vector
- network
- Privileges
- authenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Oct 17, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Oct 17, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=3.6.3 <3.7.1
- Affected versionversion=79749c2685ea031ebb2de8cf60cc5edced6a8dd0 <8b83efa225f657bfc3656ad8ee8485f9b2de923d
- Affected versionversion=pkg:hex/[email protected] <pkg:hex/[email protected]
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
- Ash bypass-policy proof of conceptproof of concept · demonstrated
Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.
Technologies
Your stack
See the directory against your own environment.
Your stack
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