CVE-2025-46834Network attack vector

Token theft via nested-call allowlist bypass

Published May 15, 2025 · Updated May 19, 2025

Incorrect authorization in Alchemy Modular Account 2.0.0 allows remote authenticated users with a session key to transfer account tokens. The AllowlistModule prevalidation hook passes executeUserOp calldata to checkAllowlistCalldata without unwrapping the nested execute or executeBatch call, so the restricted selector and target are not checked. A granted session key can remove its restrictions, rotate higher-privilege keys, or transfer ERC-20 and ERC-721 tokens held by the account.

CVSS severityUnavailable
Unscored
EPSS probability0.38%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Incorrect authorization in Alchemy Modular Account 2.0.0 allows remote authenticated users with a session key to transfer account tokens. The AllowlistModule prevalidation hook passes executeUserOp calldata to checkAllowlistCalldata without unwrapping the nested execute or executeBatch call, so the restricted selector and target are not checked. A granted session key can remove its restrictions, rotate higher-privilege keys, or transfer ERC-20 and ERC-721 tokens held by the account.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-46834
Published
May 15, 2025
Updated
May 19, 2025
Vendor
Alchemy
Product
Modular Account
Classifications
CWE-863, T1098
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 15, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 19, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion== 2.0.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Alchemy · Modular Accountversion== 2.0.0

Published CVSS scores

6.6GitHub CNACVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-863Incorrect Authorization
T1098Account Manipulation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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