CVE-2025-46675Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Spacecraft hijacking via unchecked master-key state

Published Apr 27, 2025 · Updated Apr 28, 2025

Improper key-state validation in NASA CryptoLib before 1.3.2 allows remote authenticated users to hijack spacecraft via crafted telecommands. CryptoLib's OTAR path accepts an initialized but inactive key slot as a master key, allowing selection of a known all-zero key. The attacker must reach the telecommand channel and trigger SDLS Extended Procedures, after which security associations can be replaced and operator access denied.

CVSS severity4.2
Medium
EPSS probability0.34%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper key-state validation in NASA CryptoLib before 1.3.2 allows remote authenticated users to hijack spacecraft via crafted telecommands. CryptoLib's OTAR path accepts an initialized but inactive key slot as a master key, allowing selection of a known all-zero key. The attacker must reach the telecommand channel and trigger SDLS Extended Procedures, after which security associations can be replaced and operator access denied.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-46675
Published
Apr 27, 2025
Updated
Apr 28, 2025
Vendor
NASA
Product
CryptoLib
Classifications
CWE-913, T1556
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 27, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 28, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <1.3.2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

NASA · CryptoLibversion=0 <1.3.2

Published CVSS scores

4.2NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L
3.5MITRECVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-913Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources
T1556Modify Authentication Process

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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