CVE-2025-46674Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Telecommand disclosure via key-verification IV reuse

Published Apr 27, 2025 · Updated Apr 28, 2025

Keystream oracle in NASA CryptoLib before 1.3.2 allows remote authenticated users to recover up to 16 bytes of encrypted telecommands. The Key Verification procedure encrypts an attacker-chosen challenge using the inbound TC frame IV plus one without Security Association IV management. Exploitation requires sending SDLS-EP frames and capturing an AES-GCM telecommand with the resulting IV; disclosure is limited to the challenge length.

CVSS severity3.5
Low
EPSS probability0.57%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

Keystream oracle in NASA CryptoLib before 1.3.2 allows remote authenticated users to recover up to 16 bytes of encrypted telecommands. The Key Verification procedure encrypts an attacker-chosen challenge using the inbound TC frame IV plus one without Security Association IV management. Exploitation requires sending SDLS-EP frames and capturing an AES-GCM telecommand with the resulting IV; disclosure is limited to the challenge length.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-46674
Published
Apr 27, 2025
Updated
Apr 28, 2025
Vendor
NASA
Product
CryptoLib
Classifications
CWE-489, T1040
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 27, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 28, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <1.3.2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

NASA · CryptoLibversion=0 <1.3.2

Published CVSS scores

3.5MITRECVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:L
9.9NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-489Active Debug Code
T1040Network Sniffing

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo