CVE-2025-46654Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Stored XSS via chained HTML and JavaScript uploads

Published Apr 26, 2025 · Updated Apr 29, 2025

Stored XSS in HackMD CodiMD 2.2.0 and earlier allows attackers to execute script through uploaded HTML and JavaScript files. The /uploadimage route accepts arbitrary file types, letting an HTML upload load a same-origin JavaScript upload that the CSP permits. The public report states authentication is unnecessary, although MITRE scores low privileges; after a victim opens the returned URL, script runs in CodiMD's origin and can read or modify accessible data.

CVSS severity4.9
Medium
EPSS probability0.25%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Stored XSS in HackMD CodiMD 2.2.0 and earlier allows attackers to execute script through uploaded HTML and JavaScript files. The /uploadimage route accepts arbitrary file types, letting an HTML upload load a same-origin JavaScript upload that the CSP permits. The public report states authentication is unnecessary, although MITRE scores low privileges; after a victim opens the returned URL, script runs in CodiMD's origin and can read or modify accessible data.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-46654
Published
Apr 26, 2025
Updated
Apr 29, 2025
Vendor
HackMD
Product
CodiMD
Classifications
CWE-424, T1204.001
Attack vector
network
Privileges
Unavailable

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 26, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 29, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <2.2.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesUnavailable in this record.

What is affected?

HackMD · CodiMDversion=0 <2.2.1

Published CVSS scores

4.9MITRECVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
PrivilegesUnavailable
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-424Improper Protection of Alternate Path
T1204.001User Execution: Malicious Link

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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